Keep it small
There are twenty simple tips to green your home at the end of this story, but first,
Strictly speaking its a house built to minimise negative impact on the plants, wildlife and human beings in the area. It is designed to suit the climate of the area and uses alternative forms of energy for it's running and maintenance relying on sun, wind and biomass instead of the grid supply."Ecological homes reuse and recycle most waste and used materials that are available very close to the site/area. It encourages local handicraft or art and harvests rain water and reuses most water that the building consumes. It is a home that takes the least from earth's natural resources to build.
Bricks use energy at 400 deg C. And the energy used mostly comes from cutting forest wood or by using coal, both natural resources that are finite and therefore exhaustive or extractive.
So unless you start from scratch you will never live in a truly green home. But here are 20 ways to be greener right now.
1. Switch to low-energy lightbulbs. Compact fluorescent bulbs use up to 80 per cent less energy than incandescent bulbs and last15 times longer.
2. Turning your thermostat down by 1 deg C can save up to 10 per cent on your annual heating bill.
3. Never leave your personal computer or monitor on when not in use - they burn a huge amount of energy.
4. Turn your television off at the wall when not in use. A television on standby is still using 80 per cent of its power.
5. Close your curtains when it starts getting dark to reduce the amount of heat escaping through your windows .
6. Air leakage wastes an enormous amount of thermal energy. Seal all leaky doors and windows.
7. Save water by putting a flush saver, or even a brick, in your loo cistern to reduce the amount of water used with each flush.
8. Replacing an ageing central heating boiler with a new condensing type could cut your heating bills by more than 20 per cent.
9. Your hot water does not need to be boiling, so make sure your cylinder thermostat is set at 60 deg C.
10. Next time you upgrade your fridge or freezer make sure you get an energy-efficient model. An "A++'' rating denotes the best energy efficiency.
11. Urban water run-off from paths and patios can be stored in a sustainable drainage system which helps prevent flooding in main sewers and drains.
12. Use water butts to store rainwater for use in the garden. It can even be filtered and used in the house for flushing loos and in your washing machine.
13. "Grey water'' from your bath and shower can also be filtered and re-used in the house or garden.
14. Solar hot water heating is one of the most cost-effective technologies available. Once installed, up to 70 per cent of your annual hot water requirement can be met by this technology.
15. Solar photo-voltaic (PV) panels generate electricity from sunlight. Although a whole-house system is an expensive option, small panels can be used efficiently to power certain appliances such as water pumps and lighting circuits.
16. If your windows need replacing, make sure you fit new double- or even triple- glazed units. Double glazing can cut heat loss through windows by up to 50 per cent.
17. A third of all building heat is lost through walls. Cavity wall insulation is easy and cheap and even solid walls can be insulated either indoors or outside.
18. Increasing the depth of your loft insulation to at least 20 cm could reduce heat lost through your roof by 25 per cent.
19. Use a compost bin and reduce the amount of kitchen rubbish you send to landfill.
20. Most metals, glass and plastics can be recycled and most local authorities have a collection scheme. Make sure that you
segregate and recycle all these materials.
There's more
In the UK Householders can benefit from free loft and cavity wall insulation, benefits advice checks and energy efficiency advice. This helps to increase householders incomes while at the same time reducing their fuel bills and reducing harmful emissions.
There are literally thousands of homes losing vast amounts of heat through their walls, windows, floors or through their roof because of poor or non-existent insulation measures. Up to 25% of a home's warmth can be lost through the roof and 35% through the walls if they are not properly insulated.
Carla Metcalf, environment officer at the Environment Agency, said:
"In recent years we've heard a lot about the kind of things we can do at home to be more environmentally friendly.
"That's great, but why stop there? There are a lot of things we can do at work to be greener. In my office for example, I noticed that while a lot of people remember to switch off their computer at the end of each day, they often leave their monitor on. We now have posters reminding people to save energy by switching off the lights when they've finished working, along with their computer monitors and phone chargers.
"Being green doesn't just mean saving energy. At work we have a number of ways of reducing how much waste we produce. I now recycle as much as I can as we have recycling bins for all sorts of things, from drinks cans to crisp packets. My office has an on-site composter so after lunch I can scrape any leftovers into a special bin to be composted. If your office is too small for a composter, why not try a wormery?"Being green can also be fun. This month my team organised a team building event which involves cleaning up a local river bank. Not only does it make a difference to our surroundings it's a good way of keeping fit and having a laugh."
Save water
Alistair Baker, communications manager at Northumbrian Water, said:
"Although we have plenty of water in the North East that is no reason to waste it.
"Providing drinking water uses valuable natural resources-energy is needed to treat it and pump it round the pipe network. Chemicals are used to clean it, the more it is cleaned the more waste products and carbon dioxide are produced. The more water we take the less remains in the natural environment.
"Everyone can play their part by using water but not wasting it. Water is vital for health - so be generous with the water you drink, but wise with the water you use.
"There are lots of simple things which save water, like turning off the tap while brushing your teeth - that can save up to a 10-litre bucket full.
"Fix dripping taps - a tap that drips once a second can waste 13 litres a day. A new washer will save 4,750 litres of clean water a year, the same amount of waste water to be treated, and if it's a hot tap, 4,750 litres worth of energy to heat it.
"An average bath uses 80 litres and an ordinary shower uses only 35 litres. Fit a Save-a-flush bag in old-style cisterns and save a litre every time."
Get your kids involved
Involving the whole family in a greener lifestyle can be fun and with a little encouragement children will love becoming little eco warriors.
It can be really easy to get children involved. Once they know what to do and why, they will remind you to recycle, turn lights off, etc. Encourage children to turn off electrical appliances when they leave the room or are not using them. Show them your energy bills before they start to make their small changes, and then after, to show how much energy and consequently money you have saved by their actions.
Children really enjoy planting vegetable seeds, watering them and watching them grow - it's also a really good way to get them to eat more healthy food. Even if you only have a small yard, some vegetables can be grown in pots, for example potatoes, lettuce, and tomatoes.
Encourage children to put recyclable items in your box, discuss what sorts of things can be made from the materials when they have been processed (eg aluminium cans go into cars, trains, planes). Make models with packaging materials, donate old toys to charity shops and use a library for books, CDs and DVDs."
And check also their Facts and Factoids for Your Learning Pleasure and the other entries in their Freecyclopedia
ZENN AND THE ANGST OF MOTORING
Every pound matters.
"Greenhouse Gas Levels Grave" the Associated Press reports, quoting an Aussie climate change expert.
"We are already at great risk of dangerous climate change, that's what these figures say. It's not next year or next decade, it's now,"Tim Flannery freaks.
"I mean, that's beyond the limits of projection, beyond the worst-case scenario as we thought of it in 2001." [AP Oct 9/07]
Predictions of global warming's "future" impacts are already coming true as a record number of floods, droughts and storms in 2007 amount to a worldwide climate change "mega disaster" for the United Nation's emergency relief coordinator, Sir John Holmes.
So far this year, the UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs has issued 13 emergency "flash" appeals - all but one climate-related. More appeals for emergency assistance onboard Spaceship Earth are coming soon as catastrophic floods leave 66 million people homeless or otherwise afflicted in west Africa and across south Asia - while Swaziland and Lesotho declare emergencies after severe drought has reduced harvests there by half.
"The flooding in Africa just now is the worst anyone can remember," Sir John says, expressing frustration at how little western media attention is being paid to the plight of non-white people in distant lands - never mind an ethnically-cleansed Louisiana. But severe flooding is becoming increasingly common in a warming world, as rapid climate shift also increases the frequency and intensity of storms. With New York City and much of Florida and the Gulf Coast about to disappear beneath the waves, Greenland's slip-sliding glaciers are as close as the car keys in our hand.
"You've got to deal with mitigation of emissions," Sir Holmes pleads. [Guardian Oct 5/07]
No wonder a German newsmagazine pictured Green parliamentarian Joschka Fischer holding a gas-pump nozzle to his head, as if he were about to blow out his brains. The good news/bad news is that U.S. reserves of oil will be depleted by 2020, and world resources by 2040. Within 10 short years, any newly pumped U.S. oil will require more energy for extraction than is obtained from the oil itself. [Auto Recycling - Amsterdam]
In his first address to the United Nations, Pope Benedict is expected to deliver a strong warning on climate change, while his unprecedented eco Encyclical calls protecting Earth a "moral" cause for the Catholic Church and its billion-strong following. After offsetting its entire carbon footprint by planting a forest in Hungary and installing solar panels on the roof of St Peter's Basilica, Vatican City has already become the world's first fully carbon-neutral state. [Independent Sept 22/07]
Obviously, we are going to have to act ourselves. And that means keeping the portable carbon burners in our garages and front yards mostly turned off. The Big News, though, is not how tough this is. But how much fun we can have enjoying healthier, more creative and less frenetic modes of transport - while keeping more green in our wallets, and in the world we shareŠ
ENLIGHTENED ZENN
My buddy Rich Vales was on his cell phone from a car lot in California. Even in this state of super cars and custom rides of every fantasy and persuasion, he was turned on by the sexy little car that had drawn him into a Suzuki dealership two blocks from a dying ocean that sparkled in the sunlight.
"Can I start it up?" I heard him ask David Silver.
The manager of Pacific Coast Zenn readily assented. But the silence over the phone eerily continued. Finally, it was broken not by the roar of a carbon-belching engine but by Rich's next comment - now reduced to a silence-amplified whisper approaching awe.
"It's on," he said.
Like the katsu! thwack! of an abbot's awakening rod, Rich had just achieved Zenn enlightenment - Zero Emissions No Noise.
He'd turned the key on what he thought was a gas engine car and discovered it wasn't!
Yes, Momma Gaia, there is another way to motorvate! And it's so silent, electric cars and motorbikes may have to activate optional sound-effect tapes of loud burbling exhausts to help their drivers through carbon withdrawals. And warn others out of the way.
"You don't hear it. I freaked out a couple people on bicycles already," David Silver told Rich after demonstrating the car's loud horn. A beeper sounded when he flipped the car's reverse toggle. (There's no transmission in most electric cars.) "They make it so that you can hear it so that you know that things are actually engaged," Silver continued.
The car's uncanny sound of silence was enhanced by an airtight cabin. "I hit it with a 90 psi pressure washer, and no water came in," Silver told me over Rich's phone.
Low speed crashes - the only kind this car is capable of - are more like bumper cars. "It's compressible ABS, you can't really dent the car," Silver said, slamming the paintwork for emphasis.
"This is a real car," Rich enthused.
In Europe, this popular chassis with its full aluminum crash cage, and what Rich described as a "massive" trunk, is fitted with a Lombardi mini-diesel engine. On this side of the Atlantic, a factory in Quebec converts these cars to electric power - then re-exports most of their converted Zenn koans to California. ("What is the sound of an electric motor clapping?") As is all too typical in carbon-challenged bureaucracies, only two provinces in Canada have provisions to license the Zenn.
DRIVE TIME
With a current lead-acid battery range of 35 miles, the jazzy two-seater's speed is restricted by a computer chip to remain within a federally-mandated 25 mph. This is the top speed allowed for "Urban Commuter" cars restricted to secondary roads after GM's earlier, much faster and longer ranging full-size electric car panicked Detroit and the Oil Mafia it has so long served. ["Who Killed The Electric Car" DVD]
While 25 miles-per-hour will not beat a Boxter to the next light, an electric car or bike is going to shut down just about anything on wheels up to that velocity - without shutting down the planet. And both cars are bound to reach the same destination at almost the same time. It turns out that most cars in North America most often achieve a top speed of 25 mph, while average city car speeds cover just 21 kilometers - or about 15 miles - per hour. [Auto-Free Times Spring/96]
As peddle-pumping cyclists already know, slowing down confers huge benefits in just about any dimension conjured by quantum theorists, the environmentally conscious, bank managers, and health care professionals. Since embracing ZENN, David Silver had morphed into a much mellower driver. "I'm a lot calmer now. I used to be a major road rager," he told Rich.
What's the hurry already?
"Eighty-five percent of Americans drive 10 or 15 miles every day - 90 percent of those miles are on secondary roads," Silver explained, quoting DOT statistics. "Most of the rest can be driven on secondary roads-much faster than gridlock."
Adhering to European environmental laws, at least 95% of each Zenn can be recycled. Contrast this with the 26 tons of hazardous waste and 422 million cubic metres of air pollution produced for every ton a conventional steel vehicle weighs. Each year, countries awash in toxic groundwater posing significant health hazards straight from the tap must deal with another 200 million scrap tires, 15 million batteries, and 800 million gallons of lubricants. Plus all the paints, antifreeze, solvents, sealants, aerosols, adhesives, sheet metal and oil filters used to service and repair automobiles. [USA Today Sept 12/91]
STILL UNDERMINING VALUES
And we're not even talking death-trap SUVs. The 5,600-pound, 12-mile-per-gallon Cadillac Escalade, for example, is a crime against the Earth and all her creatures. So too, the blood-drenched Humvee, which sports columnist Jim Caple describes as "The 6,400-pound, 11-mile-per-gallon symbol of a bloated, wasteful and self-centered lifestyle" - American GI's in Baghdad know as deathtrap, and the people under America's "freedom" fire in Iraq see as a four-wheel symbol of death and oppression.
Even if your SUV or Hummer isn't directing .50 caliber bullets through someone's living room, Caple goes on to decry "their exemption from the emission and mileage standards all other cars must meet, the staggering amounts of gas they guzzle, the obscene levels of greenhouse gasses they emit, the stalled traffic they worsen and the appalling accidents, rollovers and deaths they cause." [cuffscaple@hotmail.com]
The Zenn covers 3.7 urban miles on about 1/100th of a cent's worth of electricity. The Ford Excursion carries its driver and a passenger over the same distance on a gallon of gasoline - and 20 pounds of C02.
Meanwhile, the Zenns and their long-persecuted electric brethren keep whirring alongŠ
Speeding tickets become a distant memory driving a 'lectric car. The only cops you'll be talking to are the troopers who want to check what planet your cool, quiet vehicle's from.
"I'm constantly tailgating people in that car," Silver said. But even at DC voltages you can't be in too big a hurry. "If you drive this car downtown, you have to budget an extra half an hour" to talk to all the people it attracts," the zero carbon dealer adds.
FASTER
Still, this is California where the mantra is: "If it moves, it can be modified."
"You can change out the electric motor. Those come in different sizes, as well," Silver told Rich. The car can be "souped up" with another chip, and its range significantly increased with lighter, more powerful Lithium Ion batteries.
In a race to the finish with melting ice caps and lifeless oceans, also on the horizon at the end of 2007 are ultra-capacitors that store energy without batteries. Silver told me that range will leap to hundreds of miles with ultra-capacitors that offer nearly instant charging, instead of the current 4-8 hour battery recharge time. The Texas prototype capacitor is exclusive with Zenn, the electric car dealer added. "That's why we went with these guys."
Rich was back outside, walking around the car. "It's extremely unique looking," he said into his brain-irradiating cell phone. "Like a Mini-Cooper-but it looks better."
But even the 50 mpg, $50,000 Mini does not offer the discount Zenn's regenerative braking, which feeds power back to the batteries on braking for stoplights and steep downhill descents.
The basic $13,000 Zenn can be upgraded with full sound system and deluxe glass power windows for another two grand. Sixteen-eight gets you a custom interior, complete with sunroof.
And once you sign on the dotted line, federal tax credit refund you 2 ?% "in real cash," Silver added.
But hold onto your wallet, Kimosabe - your savings are just starting! For nomads with a three-million year-old mobility imperative seared into our genes, needing no gasoline and no oil - ever! - feels like taking off a pair of enslaving shackles. As one who has made the switch to 'electric propulsion, my advice is to stop complaining about rising gasoline prices and shout a polite "Fork you!" to the oil barons driving us - and their children - over the Sixth Great Extinction cliff.
"They're about 10% of the maintenance of a gas car," David Silver interrupted my musings. Insurance costs are so low, EV (Electric Vehicle) owners are cautioned against breaking into hysterical laughter at their bank.
Rich chimed in, "You can plug into any outlet in the universe."
The great news is that even as Washington dithers to the dictates of the power brokers who write their election checks, states and cities cut off from federal funding to support endless wars are taking command of their destiny. In the Santa Cruz galaxy, downtown parking is free for electric cars like Toyota's discontinued RAV 4 and the Zenn. Plug-in charging is also free at city garages. And PGE's natural gas power plant offers reduced overnight rates for charging while EV driver's count their karmic and dollar savings in their sleep.
The University California has already put in charging stations, and Costco is following suit as the City of Santa Cruz prepares to purchase a fleet of Zenns.
"The car is the biggest thing an individual can do to be green right now," Silver summarized. "My goal is to not burn fossil fuels again."
INFERNALLY YOURS
This is not hypothetical hype. Each year, India is already losing five billion dollars in crops from car and diesel bus and truck exhaust. By 2030, India will lose 20 percent of its crops through air pollution damage.
Still, we remain enslaved to our suicidal four-wheel "freedom". The typical American family keeps more vehicles in their garage than licensed drivers in the house. According to the U.S. Department of Transportation, in 2003 there were 204 million vehicles in the USA - for 191 million drivers. [Agence France-Presse July 11/06; AP Aug 29/03]
That's 13 million more cars and vans and trucks ripped out of the Earth than drivers! And that was four years ago. With China hitting the road, and India not far behind in personal vehicle numbers and aspirations, the more than 600 million motor vehicles on the world's roads today are forecast to double over the next 30 years. [Globe and Mail Apr11/98]
For the love of God, Allah and polar bears, we'd better awaken from our media-induced petroleum-powered trance before then.
'LECTRIC
Today, Chevalier points out, the international cartels that control energy have billions of dollars invested in an oil infrastructure that yields trillions of dollars in profits - and the control over a world of carbon addicts only pushers know.
Chevalier suspects this might explain why the world's largest electric vehicle trade organization, the Electric Drive Transportation Association, is funded by a coalition of this planet's top auto makers and electric utilities - which excludes the public from its conferences.
Space satellites and ultra silent electric submarines use battery technologies so advanced their widespread use would revolutionize electric transportation, while slashing the carbon emissions that are killing the planet. Remy Chevalier remembers as a child being walked through Dimitri Ribicoff's Florida factory where the mini-subs he was building for the US Navy were able to cruise submerged for 40 hours at speeds up to 40 miles-per-hour using special aluminum batteries of Ribicoff's design.
Chevalier exclaims.
"This was back in the early 70's!"
Yet, electric vehicle owners and would-be converts remain shackled to the ball-and-chain of heavy, temperamental lead batteries while relatively cheap to produce, amorphous NiMH cells made by Ovonics and other manufacturers continue to be priced prohibitively.
"The major driver in battery innovation today are laptops and cell phones!" Chevalier points out. "Video graphics quickly deplete batteries, and now that we demand CNN (and porn) streaming into our mobile devices, the mad rush to develop better batteries is on. Yet, strangely enough, we discovered that research labs and institutions licensing state of the art battery protocols also restrict their application, with a specific clause prohibiting the use of these new batteries for propulsion!"
"This is no joke, there really is a concerted effort to keep decent batteries off the market!" writes a blogger quoted by Remy Chevalier. "The energy cartel is well funded. They also have goons who operate globally to break up any progress that enters non-military applications. We should have noticed when Ovonics was bought by oil companies.
"Let's stop living in denial. The problem is obvious. The establishment doesn't want decent batteries until they decide it is appropriate and they have channels to profit and control worldwide. The implications for decent batteries are too universal for them to deal with right nowŠ Over the years, ECD/Ovonics has shown little or no interest in actually producing NiMH automotive battery packs, only limit the ability of others in doing so instead."
CAR OWNERS IN THE DRIVER'S SEAT?
Record high oil prices are adding momentum to the public's push for Electric Vehicles, which is already seeing half of all car buyers begin their shopping online.
PLUG IN OR PERISH
Google and Pacific Gas & Electric recently demonstrated a half-dozen Toyota Prius and Ford Escape hybrid vehicles modified to plug into the power grid, as well as recharging from their gasoline motors. "Going electric" allows each plug-in hybrid to range up to 75 miles on a gallon of gas - nearly double the number of miles of a regular hybrid.
A123Systems sells the aftermarket kit to convert the Prius to a plug-in vehicle.
As the New York Times described it, "The six vehicles are used by Google employees near the company's Mountain View headquarters, and sit under a carport with a roof of solar cells."
Because the cells are connected to the power grid, the energy they produce when the care are not charging is piped back into the grid. Each transaction is tiny, reports the Times - "a few kilowatt-hours at a time, worth a few cents each. But if there were thousands of such vehicles, a utility could store power produced in slack hours until it was needed at peak timesŠ Utilities pay billions a year to power plants to stand by, ready to produce extra power or to provide small quantities of energy to maintain the frequency of the system at precisely 60 cycles a second. Plug-in hybrids could fill those roles, annually earning thousands of dollars" - for each owner. [New York Times June 19/07]
- William Thomas
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